First of all I would like to thank all of you for volunteering your time
to coach the kids. I hope that you will find this season to be both fun and
exciting. The kids that you will be coaching develop physically and mentally
at different rates. This will create a range of ability levels that you will
need to be aware of when planning your practices. As much as possible we want
to organize activities and games that will allow all of the players to be
successful and have fun. This will take a little more planning on your part
when organizing your practices but I think you will discover the rewards of
watching all of the players develop. With this in mind I will list out the
generalized characteristics and things to expect from the kids you will be
coaching.
THINGS YOU CAN EXPECT
Six, seven and eight-year-old players
are a bit more compliant than their U-6 counterparts. They will be able to
follow 2 or 3 step instructions and are starting to have a good understanding
about what it means to play a "game". They are also starting to cooperate
more with their teammates. In fact, they now will recognize that they even
have teammates by the fact that they occasionally, and I mean occasionally,
will pass the ball to a teammate, on purpose. Often, they will repeat the
phrase "I can't do that!", but, will quickly run to you to show you that they
can, even when they only think that they can. Some other things that you can
expect to happen during a season with this age group are:
- There will be at least 200-300 falls during the season, but, now they
will usually pick themselves back up.
- The puddle in front of the goal is still too tempting to resist.
- Keep a spare pump in your bag as the players usually do not realize that
their ball is flat until they try to kick it, or the coach tells them that it
is flat.
- Some of the girls are a lot tougher than the boys.
- They will still want to wear a pinnie, even when the color is identical
to their shirt.
- It will be impossible to remember who is whose best friend as you try to
make up teams.
- School conflicts will come up... please, let them go (they must face
their teachers five days a week).
- They will wear their uniform to bed.
CHARACTERISTICS OF U - 10 PLAYERS
:
Gross and small motor skills becoming
more refined and reliable. ¨ Boys and girls begin to develop separately.
Ability to stay on task is lengthened. They have the ability to sequence
thought and actions.
Greater diversity in playing ability and physical maturity.
Skills are emerging. Becoming more predictable and recognizable.
Some children begin moving from concrete thinking to abstract thinking.
Able to pace themselves, to plan ahead.
Increased self-responsibility. They remember to bring their own equipment.
Starting to recognize basic
tactical concepts, but not exactly sure why certain decisions are better.
Repetition of technique is very important, but it must be dynamic, not
static.
Continued positive reinforcement
needed.
Explanations must be brief, concise, and mention "why".
Becoming more "serious". Openly, intensively competitive, without
intention of fouling.
Still mostly intrinsically motivated. ¨ Peer pressure starting to be a
factor.
Adult outside of the family may
take on added significance.
Prefer identification with a team. Like to have good uniforms, equipment,
balls.
More inclined towards wanting to play instead of being told to play. Will
initiate play more.
THINGS YOU CAN EXPECT
:
Some coaches say that the 9 and 10
year-old players are beginning to "turn the corner" and starting to look like
real soccer players. However, games are still frantically paced and
unpredictable for the most part. These players are starting to find out how
much fun it is to play the game skillfully, but they will still stop and
laugh if the referee gets hit in the backside with the ball during a game.
Some other things that we can expect when working with this aged player are:
- They start to understand offside, but still forget themselves when the
goal is in front of them.
- They will really beat up on each other during practice... especially
boy's teams.
- During a game, the parents will scream out "HAND BALL" or "COME ON REF,
CALL IT BOTH WAYS" at least fifteen times.
- They might cry after the game if they loose, but will forget it if you
ask them if you want to go out for burgers and fries.
- You might actually catch them practicing on their own without you
telling them to do so.
- Their parents are telling them to do one thing during the game, you are
telling them another thing, but what they end up doing might be what their
friend is telling them to do.
- You will see a pass that is deliberate. You might even see a "back pass".
- You will see your first $100 pair of cleats during practice. They will
call the other team bad names... really bad names.
CHARACTERISTICS OF U - 12 PLAYERS:
- They begin to develop the abilities to sustain complex,
coordinated skill sequences.
- Some of the players have reached puberty. Girls, in general, arrive
earlier than boys.
- Most players are able to think abstractly and are thus able to understand
some team concepts that are foundational to the game.
- They are beginning to be able to address hypothetical situations, and to
solve problems systematically.
- They are spending more time with friends and less time with their parents.
¨ They are susceptible to conformity to peer pressure.
- They are developing a conscience, morality and scale of values.
- Players tend to be highly self-critical. Instruction needs to be enabling.
Show them what can be done instead of telling them what not to do.
- Although they are more serious with their play, they are still mainly
involved because it is fun.
- They are openly competitive. A few may foul on purpose.
- They are looking towards their role models and heroes in order to know
how to act.
- They have a more complex and developed sense of humor.
THINGS YOU CAN EXPECT
Some coaches say that the 10 and 12 year-old
players have "turned the corner" and are looking like real soccer players.
However, games are still frantically paced and a bit unpredictable for the
most part. These players know how much fun it is to play the game skillfully.
As a result, we begin to see some the players drop out who recognize the
importance of skill and become discouraged with their lack of it. Some other
things that we can expect when working with this aged player are:
- They will yell at their teammates when they make a mistake.
- They will openly question the referee's decisions.
- Players will encourage each other.
- They will pass the ball even when they know that they will not get it
back.
- Team cooperation is emerging. They will run to a spot, away from the
play, even when they know that they might not get the ball.
- They will point out inconsistencies between what you say and what you do.
They are "moral watchdogs".
- The difference in skill levels between the players is very pronounced.
- Some players might be as big as you are, some might be half your size.
- Not only will some of the players come to training with expensive cleats,
but some will also come with matching uniforms, sweat suits, and bag.
- Parents, during games, can be brutal. Some will yell at the referee at
almost every call.
- They will get together with their friends and be able to set up and play
their own game.
INVOLVING THE PARENTS
:
It is imperative that coaches get the
parents involved. Not only are they are a major resource for your team, but
the U-10 player still views their parents as the most significant people in
their lives. A pre-season meeting should be held with the parents so that
objectives and team policies can be addressed. Some topics that you may want
to address at this meeting are:
- A means of contacting everyone without one person doing all of the
calling. (Phone chains)
- Choosing a team administrator, someone to handle all of the details.
- Complete all paperwork required by your league or club.
- Discuss the laws of the game.
- Carpool needs.
- Training and game schedules. How you feel about starting and ending on
time, what your attendance expectations are, what you think is a good excuse
to miss training.
- What each player should bring to training: inflated ball, filled water
bottle, soccer attire, shin guards cleats or sneakers.
- Most importantly, your philosophy about coaching U-10 players. Let them
know that everyone plays; that the game does not look like the older player's
games; that you are there to ensure that their player is safe and has a good
time, as well as learn about soccer.
- What your expectations for them are during game time. How do you want
them to cheer? Do they know that they should not coach from the sidelines?
- Above all, try to enjoy yourself. If you do they probably will too.
COACHING RATIONALE
Some of the players that are playing
have had two years of soccer experience and thus have already touched the
ball a few thousand times in their lives. This, however, does not mean that
these players are ready for the mental demands of tactical team soccer. True,
they do have some idea of the game, but the emphasis still needs to be placed
on the individual's ability to control the ball with his/her body. They are
still there to have fun, and because some of the players may be brand new to
the sport, it is imperative that activities are geared towards individual
success and participation.
- Small sided soccer is the best option for these players. Not only will
they get more touches on the ball, but also, it is an easier game to
understand.
- Because of rapid growth spurts during this age, players will go through
times when they seem to have lost control of their body. What they could
easily do 2 weeks ago now seems unattainable. Be patient.
- Passing is not an important part of their game, no matter how much
anybody yells at them to do otherwise, it is much more fun to dribble and
shoot. Let them.
- Stretching is becoming more important, along with a good warm-up. Since
the game is faster, make sure that they also have good shinguards. Safety
and preventive measures take on added significance.
- Training twice a week is plenty. Sessions need not go longer than one
hour, fifteen minutes.
- Players should bring their own size #4 ball to training. Learning how to
control it should be the main objective. They need to touch it as many times
as possible during fun activities that will engage them.
- Challenge them to get better by practicing on their own. There is no
rule which states that they can't learn by themselves, no matter how
important we think we are.
- Incidental things are important. They are forming the habits that will
impact their future participation. Ask them to take care of their equipment
(water bottle included), cooperate, listen, behave, and try hard. Realize,
however, that they often forget and will need to be reminded often.
- Ask them to work with others to solve a particular challenge. Start them
with just one partner and work from there.
- Put them into competitive environments as much as possible. This will not
only keep them focused, but, it will allow the game itself to teach them. It
also will keep things fun for them, and allow you to deal with issues such as
'winning' and 'loosing' which is now a very big concern for them.
- Now it is possible to teach them positional play with the expectation
that they will get it some of the time. However, it is absolutely necessary
that you do not allow players to specialize in any one position. They need to
learn basic principles of the game, first. Having them play all of the
positions is best for their individual development. Remember, our first
responsibility is to develop players and let them have fun.
Whenever possible, allow them to solve their own puzzles. Don't
immediately give them solutions on how they can play better.
Principles of Coaching
Developmentally Appropriate
Clear, Concise, & Correct Information
Activities should move from simple to complex
Maintain a safe and appropriate training area
Activities should involve decision making
Implications for the game
Four C’s of Coaching
Competence – Developing the skills
Confidence – Develop the belief that the athlete can do the skill
Care – Show them that they have value beyond soccer
Commitment – Will be developed in the kids if the other three
things happen
Performance Feedback
Based on the individual player
Frequently tell them what they have done right
Tell them what you want them to do
Show them what you want them to do
Involve the athlete in the analysis of the game or activity
When mistakes are made teach without sarcasm, ridicule, or put downs
Activities Check list:
Are the activities fun?
Are the activities organized?
Are the players involved in the activity
Is creativity and decision making being used?
Are the spaces used appropriate for the players?
Is the coach’s feedback appropriate?
Are there implications for the game?
In the rest of this packet you will find four sample practices and a list
of resources that can help when you are ready for more information.